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　　阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

pool watch

　　swimmers can drown in busy swimming pools when lifeguards fail to notice that they are in trouble. a report says that on average 15 people drown in british pools each year, but many more suffer major injury after getting into difficulties. now a french company has developed an artificial intelligence system called poseidon that sounds the alarm when it sees someone in danger of drowning.

　　when a swimmer sinks towards the bottom of the pool, the new system sends an alarm signal to a poolside monitoring station and a lifeguard's pager (呼机). in trials at a pool in ancenis, near nantes, it saved a life within just a few months, says alistair mcquade, a spokesman for its maker, poseidon technologies.

　　poseidon keeps watch through a network of underwater and overhead video cameras. ai software analyses the images to work out swimmers' trajectories (轨迹). to do this reliably, it has to tell the difference between a swimmer and the shadow of someone being cast onto the bottom or side of the pool.

　　it does the same with an image from another camera viewing the shape from a different angle. if the two projections are in the same position, the shape is identified as a shadow and is ignored. but if they are different, the shape is a swimmer and so the system follows its trajectory.

　　to pick out potential drowning victims, anyone in the water who starts to descend slowly is added to the software's "pre-alert" (预先警戒) list, says mcquade. swimmers who then stay immobile on the pool bottom for 5 seconds or more are considered in danger of drowning. poseidon double-checks that the image really is of a swimmer, not a shadow, by seeing whether it obscures (使模糊) the pool's floor texture when viewed from overhead. if so, it alerts the lifeguard, showing the swimmer's location on a poolside screen.

　　the first full-scale poseidon system will be officially opened next week at a pool in high wycombe, buckinghamshire. one man who is impressed with the idea is travor baylis, inventor of the clockwork (时钟装置) radio. baylis runs a company that installs swimming pools - and he was once an underwater escapologist (脱身杂技演员) with a circus (马戏团). "1 say full marks to them if this works and can save lives," he says.

　　11 ai means the same as

　　a　an image.

　　b　an idea.

　　c　anything immobile.

　　d　artificial intelligence

　　12 to save a life, ai software must be able to

　　a　descend in the water.

　　b　videotape every movement.

　　c　distinguish between a swimmer and a shadow

　　d　save a life within a few months.

　　13 how does poseidon save a life?

　　a　it orders an underwater robot to rescue the drowning swimmer.

　　b　it alerts the lifeguard.

　　c　it displays the swimmer's shadow on the screen.

　　d　it watches the pool through dozens of overhead cameras.

　　14 which of the following statements about travor baylis is not true?

　　a　he owns a swimming pool.

　　b　he invented the clockwork radio.

　　c　he was once an entertainer.

　　d　he runs a company.

　　15 how does baylis look at the poseidon system?

　　a　he thinks it is too expensive.

　　b　he thinks it is a good system.

　　c　he thinks it is not efficient enough.

　　d　he thinks it is as good as the british pool watch system.

　　参考答案：41.d　 42.c　 43.b　 44.a　 45.b