阅读理解，请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight

　　You hear this:"No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat. " You feel sad:"l skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?" Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.

　　Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, "80 percent of the children of two obese (肥胖的) parents become obese,as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight. "

　　How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well,dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 10 weeks,the subjects lost 45ka on average. But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新陈代谢的) measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers wam that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result In normal weight,but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non - obese people.

　　Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite: They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months,they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 t0 25 percent. But months after the study ended they were back to normal weight and stayed there.

　　This did not mean that people are completely without "hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true - each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to pusb the weight back to the range it seeks.

　　36. The first paragraph tells us that our weight is determinede by __________.

　　A. Our eating habit

　　B. Our life style

　　C. Our work habit

　　D. Our genes

　　37. In Jules Hirsch's study, the subjects __________.

　　A. showed no health problem

　　B. gained weight rapidly

　　C. were all very short

　　D. lived only on liquid food

　　38. After leaving the hospital, the eight fat people __________.

　　A. attempted suicide

　　B. were back to normal weight

　　C. went mad

　　D. followed the advice of Hirsch's

　　39. In Ethan Sims study, the subjects were asked to__________.

　　A. stay in prison

　　B. eat as much as they could

　　C. battle their genetic inheritance

　　D. lower their weight

　　40. Which of the following statements is true?

　　A. Each person wants to eat to his heart's content.

　　B. Each. person has a weight range of 9kg.

　　C. Each person has a natural weight range.

　　D. Each person wants to control his weight.

　　参考答案及解析

　　36.D [解析]第一段的后面一句话提到"Your genes，not your life habits，determine your weight…"由此可知是你的基因而非生活习惯决定你的体重。

　　37.D[解析]第三段中说到研究人员给参加实验的八位胖子每天提供只含600卡路里的流质食物。

　　38.B [解析]通过第三段"But after leaving the hospital，they all regained weight."可以看出他们的体重最终又恢复到原来的状态，所以选B。

　　39.B [解析]文章第四段讲研究人员如何让瘦人增加体重。Ethan Sims从犯人中招募志愿者，让他们增加体重的办法就是让他们吃尽可能多的食物。

　　40.C [解析]文章最后一段，科学家们的发现证明了他们认为是正确的想法，即"each person has a comfortable weight range"（体重幅度），这个幅度可能是9公斤，但并非每个人都是同样的幅度，所以可以否定干扰项B。

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